6502/vasm/cpus/jagrisc/cpu.c

/*
 * cpu.c Jaguar RISC cpu description file
 * (c) in 2014-2017 by Frank Wille
 */

#include "vasm.h"

mnemonic mnemonics[] = {
#include "opcodes.h"
};
int mnemonic_cnt = sizeof(mnemonics) / sizeof(mnemonics[0]);

char *cpu_copyright = "vasm Jaguar RISC cpu backend 0.4c (c) 2014-2017 Frank Wille";
char *cpuname = "jagrisc";
int bitsperbyte = 8;
int bytespertaddr = 4;

int jag_big_endian = 1;  /* defaults to big-endian (Atari Jaguar 68000) */

static uint8_t cpu_type = GPU|DSP;
static int OC_MOVEI,OC_UNPACK;

/* condition codes */
static regsym cc_regsyms[] = {
  {"T",  RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x00},
  {"NE", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x01},
  {"EQ", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x02},
  {"CC", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x04},
  {"HI", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x05},
  {"CS", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x08},
  {"PL", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x14},
  {"MI", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x18},
  {"t",  RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x00},
  {"ne", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x01},
  {"eq", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x02},
  {"cc", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x04},
  {"hi", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x05},
  {"cs", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x08},
  {"pl", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x14},
  {"mi", RTYPE_CC, 0, 0x18},
  {NULL, 0, 0, 0}
};


int init_cpu(void)
{
  int i;
  regsym *r;

  for (i=0; i<mnemonic_cnt; i++) {
    if (!strcmp(mnemonics[i].name,"movei"))
      OC_MOVEI = i;
    else if (!strcmp(mnemonics[i].name,"unpack"))
      OC_UNPACK = i;
  }

  /* define all condition code register symbols */
  for (r=cc_regsyms; r->reg_name!=NULL; r++)
    add_regsym(r);

  return 1;
}


int cpu_args(char *p)
{
  if (!strncmp(p,"-m",2)) {
    p += 2;
    if (!stricmp(p,"gpu") || !stricmp(p,"tom"))
      cpu_type = GPU;
    else if (!stricmp(p,"dsp") || !stricmp(p,"jerry"))
      cpu_type = DSP;
    else if (!strcmp(p,"any"))
      cpu_type = GPU|DSP;
    else
      return 0;
  }
  else if (!strcmp(p,"-big"))
    jag_big_endian = 1;
  else if (!strcmp(p,"-little"))
    jag_big_endian = 0;
  else
    return 0;

  return 1;
}


static int parse_reg(char **p)
{
  int reg = -1;
  char *rp = skip(*p);
  char *s;

  if (s = skip_identifier(rp)) {
    regsym *sym = find_regsym(rp,s-rp);

    if (sym!=NULL && sym->reg_type==RTYPE_R) {
      reg = sym->reg_num;
    }
    else if (toupper((unsigned char)*rp++) == 'R') {
      if (sscanf(rp,"%d",&reg)!=1 || reg<0 || reg>31)
        reg = -1;
    }

    if (reg >= 0)
      *p = s;
  }

  return reg;
}


static expr *parse_cc(char **p)
{
  char *end;

  *p = skip(*p);

  if (end = skip_identifier(*p)) {
    regsym *sym = find_regsym(*p,end-*p);

    if (sym!=NULL && sym->reg_type==RTYPE_CC) {
      *p = end;
      return number_expr((taddr)sym->reg_num);
    }
  }

  /* otherwise the condition code is any expression */
  return parse_expr(p);
}


static void jagswap32(char *d,int32_t w)
/* write a 32-bit word with swapped halfs (Jaguar MOVEI) */
{
  if (jag_big_endian) {
    *d++ = (w >> 8) & 0xff;
    *d++ = w & 0xff;
    *d++ = (w >> 24) & 0xff;
    *d = (w >> 16) & 0xff;
  }
  else {
    /* @@@ Need to verify this! */
    *d++ = w & 0xff;
    *d++ = (w >> 8) & 0xff;
    *d++ = (w >> 16) & 0xff;
    *d = (w >> 24) & 0xff;
  }
}


char *parse_cpu_special(char *start)
/* parse cpu-specific directives; return pointer to end of cpu-specific text */
{
  char *name=start;
  char *s;

  if (s = skip_identifier(name)) {
    /* Atari MadMac compatibility directives */
    if (*name == '.')  /* ignore leading dot */
      name++;

    if (s-name==3 && !strnicmp(name,"dsp",3)) {
      cpu_type = DSP;
      eol(s);
      return skip_line(s);
    }

    else if (s-name==3 && !strnicmp(name,"gpu",3)) {
      cpu_type = GPU;
      eol(s);
      return skip_line(s);
    }

    else if (s-name==8 && !strnicmp(name,"regundef",8) ||
             s-name==9 && !strnicmp(name,"equrundef",9)) {
      /* undefine a register symbol */
      s = skip(s);
      if (name = parse_identifier(&s)) {
        undef_regsym(name,0,RTYPE_R);
        myfree(name);
        eol(s);
        return skip_line(s);
      }
    }

    else if (s-name==7 && !strnicmp(name,"ccundef",7)) {
      /* undefine a condition code symbol */
      s = skip(s);
      if (name = parse_identifier(&s)) {
        undef_regsym(name,0,RTYPE_CC);
        myfree(name);
        eol(s);
        return skip_line(s);
      }
    }
  }

  return start;
}


int parse_cpu_label(char *labname,char **start)
/* parse cpu-specific directives following a label field,
   return zero when no valid directive was recognized */ 
{
  char *dir=*start;
  char *s,*name;
  hashdata data;

  if (*dir == '.')  /* ignore leading dot */
    dir++;

  if (s = skip_identifier(dir)) {

    if (s-dir==6 && !strnicmp(dir,"regequ",6) ||
        s-dir==4 && !strnicmp(dir,"equr",4)) {
      /* label REGEQU Rn || label EQUR Rn */
      int r;

      if ((r = parse_reg(&s)) >= 0)
        new_regsym(0,0,labname,RTYPE_R,0,r);
      else
        cpu_error(3);  /* register expected */
      eol(s);
      *start = skip_line(s);
      return 1;
    }

    else if (s-dir==5 && !strnicmp(dir,"ccdef",5)) {
      /* label CCDEF expr */
      expr *ccexp;
      taddr val;

      if ((ccexp = parse_cc(&s)) != NULL) {
        if (eval_expr(ccexp,&val,NULL,0))
          new_regsym(0,0,labname,RTYPE_CC,0,(int)val);
        else
          general_error(30);  /* expression must be a constant */
      }
      else
        general_error(9);  /* @@@ */
      eol(s);
      *start = skip_line(s);
      return 1;
    }
  }

  return 0;
}


operand *new_operand(void)
{
  operand *new = mymalloc(sizeof(*new));

  new->type = NO_OP;
  return new;
}


int jag_data_operand(int bits)
/* return data operand type for these number of bits */
{
  if (bits & OPSZ_SWAP)
    return DATAI_OP;
  return bits==64 ? DATA64_OP : DATA_OP;
}


int parse_operand(char *p, int len, operand *op, int required)
{
  int reg;

  switch (required) {
    case IMM0:
    case IMM1:
    case IMM1S:
    case SIMM:
    case IMMLW:
      if (*p == '#')
        p = skip(p+1);  /* skip optional '#' */
    case REL:
    case DATA_OP:
    case DATAI_OP:
      if (required == IMM1S) {
        op->val = make_expr(SUB,number_expr(32),parse_expr(&p));
        required = IMM1;  /* turn into IMM1 32-val for SHLQ */
      }
      else
        op->val = parse_expr(&p);
      break;

    case DATA64_OP:
      op->val = parse_expr_huge(&p);
      break;

    case REG:  /* Rn */
      op->reg = parse_reg(&p);
      if (op->reg < 0)
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      break;

    case IREG:  /* (Rn) */
      if (*p++ != '(')
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      op->reg = parse_reg(&p);
      if (op->reg < 0)
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      if (*p != ')')
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      break;

    case IR14D:  /* (R14+d) */
    case IR15D:  /* (R15+d) */
      if (*p++ != '(')
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      reg = parse_reg(&p);
      if ((required==IR14D && reg!=14) || (required==IR15D && reg!=15))
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      if (*p++ != '+')
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      p = skip(p);
      op->val = parse_expr(&p);
      p = skip(p);
      if (*p != ')')
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      break;

    case IR14R:  /* (R14+Rn) */
    case IR15R:  /* (R15+Rn) */
      if (*p++ != '(')
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      reg = parse_reg(&p);
      if ((required==IR14R && reg!=14) || (required==IR15R && reg!=15))
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      if (*p++ != '+')
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      op->reg = parse_reg(&p);
      if (op->reg < 0)
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      if (*p != ')')
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      break;

    case CC:  /* condition code: t, eq, ne, mi, pl, cc, cs, ... */
      op->val = parse_cc(&p);
      break;

    case PC:  /* PC register */
      if (toupper((unsigned char)*p) != 'P' ||
          toupper((unsigned char)*(p+1)) != 'C' ||
          ISIDCHAR(*(p+2)))
        return PO_NOMATCH;
      break;

    default:
      return PO_NOMATCH;
  }

  op->type = required;
  return PO_MATCH;
}


static int32_t eval_oper(instruction *ip,operand *op,section *sec,
                         taddr pc,dblock *db)
{
  symbol *base = NULL;
  int optype = op->type;
  int btype;
  taddr val,loval,hival,mask;

  switch (optype) {
    case PC:
      return 0;

    case REG:
    case IREG:
    case IR14R:
    case IR15R:
      return op->reg;

    case IMM0:
    case IMM1:
    case SIMM:
    case IMMLW:
    case IR14D:
    case IR15D:
    case REL:
    case CC:
      mask = 0x1f;
      if (!eval_expr(op->val,&val,sec,pc))
        btype = find_base(op->val,&base,sec,pc);

      if (optype==IMM0 || optype==CC || optype==IMM1 || optype==SIMM) {
        if (base != NULL) {
          loval = -32;
          hival = 32;
          if (btype != BASE_ILLEGAL) {
            if (db) {
              add_extnreloc_masked(&db->relocs,base,val,
                                   btype==BASE_PCREL?REL_PC:REL_ABS,
                                   jag_big_endian?6:5,5,0,0x1f);
              base = NULL;
            }
          }
        }
        else if (optype==IMM1) {
          loval = 1;
          hival = 32;
        }
        else if (optype==SIMM) {
          loval = -16;
          hival = 15;
        }
        else {
          loval = 0;
          hival = 31;
        }
      }
      else if (optype==IR14D || optype==IR15D) {
        if (base==NULL && val==0) {
          /* Optimize (Rn+0) to (Rn). Assume that the "load/store (Rn+d)"
             instructions follow directly after "load/store (Rn)". */
          ip->code -= optype==IR14D ? 1 : 2;
          op->type = IREG;
          op->reg = optype==IR14D ? 14 : 15;
          return op->reg;
        }
        loval = 1;
        hival = 32;
      }
      else if (optype==IMMLW) {
        mask = ~0;
        if (base != NULL) {
          if (btype != BASE_ILLEGAL) {
            if (db) {
              /* two relocations for LSW first, then MSW */
              add_extnreloc_masked(&db->relocs,base,val,
                                   btype==BASE_PCREL?REL_PC:REL_ABS,
                                   0,16,2,0xffff);
              add_extnreloc_masked(&db->relocs,base,val,
                                   btype==BASE_PCREL?REL_PC:REL_ABS,
                                   16,16,2,0xffff0000);
              base = NULL;
            }
          }
        }
      }
      else if (optype==REL) {
        loval = -16;
        hival = 15;
        if (base!=NULL && btype==BASE_OK) {
          if (is_pc_reloc(base,sec)) {
            /* external label or from a different section (distance / 2) */
            add_extnreloc_masked(&db->relocs,base,val-2,REL_PC,
                                 jag_big_endian?6:5,5,0,0x3e);
          }
          else if (LOCREF(base)) {
            /* known label from the same section doesn't need a reloc */
            val = (val - (pc + 2)) / 2;
          }
          base = NULL;
        }
      }
      else ierror(0);

      if (base != NULL)
        general_error(38);  /* bad or unhandled reloc: illegal relocation */

      /* range check for this addressing mode */
      if (mask!=~0 && (val<loval || val>hival))
        cpu_error(1,(long)loval,(long)hival);
      return val & mask;

    default:
      ierror(0);
      break;
  }

  return 0;  /* default */
}


size_t instruction_size(instruction *ip, section *sec, taddr pc)
{
  return ip->code==OC_MOVEI ? 6 : 2;
}


dblock *eval_instruction(instruction *ip, section *sec, taddr pc)
{
  dblock *db = new_dblock();
  int32_t src=0,dst=0,extra;
  int size = 2;
  uint16_t inst;

  /* get source and destination argument, when present */
  if (ip->op[0])
    dst = eval_oper(ip,ip->op[0],sec,pc,db);
  if (ip->op[1]) {
    if (ip->code == OC_MOVEI) {
      extra = dst;
      size = 6;
    }
    else
      src = dst;
    dst = eval_oper(ip,ip->op[1],sec,pc,db);
  }
  else if (ip->code == OC_UNPACK)
    src = 1;  /* pack(src=0)/unpack(src=1) use the same opcode */

  /* store and jump instructions need the second operand in the source field */
  if (mnemonics[ip->code].ext.flags & OPSWAP) {
    extra = src;
    src = dst;
    dst = extra;
  }

  /* allocate dblock data for instruction */
  db->size = size;
  db->data = mymalloc(size);

  /* construct the instruction word out of opcode and source/dest. value */
  inst = (mnemonics[ip->code].ext.opcode & 63) << 10;
  inst |= ((src&31) << 5) | (dst & 31);

  /* write instruction */
  if (jag_big_endian) {
    db->data[0] = (inst >> 8) & 0xff;
    db->data[1] = inst & 0xff;
  }
  else {
    db->data[0] = inst & 0xff;
    db->data[1] = (inst >> 8) & 0xff;
  }

  /* extra words for MOVEI are always written in the order lo-word, hi-word */
  if (size == 6)
    jagswap32(&db->data[2],extra);

  return db;
}


dblock *eval_data(operand *op, size_t bitsize, section *sec, taddr pc)
{
  dblock *db = new_dblock();
  taddr val;

  if (bitsize!=8 && bitsize!=16 && bitsize!=32 && bitsize!=64)
    cpu_error(0,bitsize);  /* data size not supported */

  if (op->type!=DATA_OP && op->type!=DATA64_OP && op->type!=DATAI_OP)
    ierror(0);

  db->size = bitsize >> 3;
  db->data = mymalloc(db->size);

  if (op->type == DATA64_OP) {
    thuge hval;

    if (!eval_expr_huge(op->val,&hval))
      general_error(59);  /* cannot evaluate huge integer */
    huge_to_mem(jag_big_endian,db->data,db->size,hval);
  }
  else {
    if (!eval_expr(op->val,&val,sec,pc)) {
      symbol *base;
      int btype;

      btype = find_base(op->val,&base,sec,pc);
      if (base!=NULL && btype!=BASE_ILLEGAL) {
        if (op->type == DATAI_OP) {
          /* swapped: two relocations for LSW first, then MSW */
          add_extnreloc_masked(&db->relocs,base,val,
                               btype==BASE_PCREL?REL_PC:REL_ABS,
                               0,16,0,0xffff);
          add_extnreloc_masked(&db->relocs,base,val,
                               btype==BASE_PCREL?REL_PC:REL_ABS,
                               16,16,0,0xffff0000);
        }
        else /* normal 8, 16, 32 bit relocation */
          add_extnreloc(&db->relocs,base,val,
                        btype==BASE_PCREL?REL_PC:REL_ABS,0,bitsize,0);
      }
      else if (btype != BASE_NONE)
        general_error(38);  /* illegal relocation */
    }

    switch (db->size) {
      case 1:
        db->data[0] = val & 0xff;
        break;
      case 2:
      case 4:
        if (op->type == DATAI_OP)
          jagswap32(db->data,(int32_t)val);
        else
          setval(jag_big_endian,db->data,db->size,val);
        break;
      default:
        ierror(0);
        break;
    }
  }

  return db;
}


int cpu_available(int idx)
{
  return (mnemonics[idx].ext.flags & cpu_type) != 0;
}